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zTree.expandNode(lastSelectedNode,false); } } while((treeNode=treeNode.getParentNode()) && treeNode.level !== 0){ zTree.expandNode(treeNode,true); } } function zTreeOnClick(event, treeId, treeNode, clickFlag) { if("0" != treeNode.code){ if(contentIframe != null){ if("0" != treeNode.id ){ contentIframe.src = "detailContent_iframe1.zhtml?directoryId="+treeNode.id+"&articleId=" + treeNode.code +"&resourceType="+$V("rType")+"&linkaddress="+treeNode.code; var noteframe = parent.document.getElementById("noteFrame"); if(noteframe){ noteframe.src = "../notes/notesaddinputAddNotes.zhtml?articleId="+treeNode.code+"&ResourceType="+$V("rType"); } }else{ window.parent.location.href="detailBook.zhtml?bookId="+$V("bkid")+"&resourceType="+$V("rType"); } }else{ if("0" == treeNode.id ){ window.parent.location.href="detailBook.zhtml?bookId="+$V("bkid") +"&resourceType="+$V("rType"); }else{ window.parent.location.href="detailContent.zhtml?directoryId="+treeNode.id+"&articleId=" + treeNode.code +"&resourceType="+$V("rType") + "&tId=" + treeNode.tId; } } } changeZtreeStatus(treeId, treeNode, clickFlag); // 改变树节点的展开折叠状态 $('.ztree').scrollLeft(0); $(contentIframe).load(function(){ moveToTop(treeNode.name); }); // 如果点击的是左侧默认显示的树,则同步当前节点到默认隐藏的树 if(window.frameElement && frameElement.id == "leftFrame1"){ var divFrame1 = parent.document.getElementById("divFrame1"); if(divFrame1 && typeof divFrame1.contentWindow.synchClickedNode ==="function"){ divFrame1.contentWindow.synchClickedNode(treeNode.tId); } } // 如果点击的是左侧默认隐藏的树,则同步当前节点到默认显示的树 if(window.frameElement && frameElement.id == "divFrame1"){ var leftFrame1 = parent.document.getElementById("leftFrame1"); if(leftFrame1 && typeof leftFrame1.contentWindow.synchClickedNode ==="function"){ leftFrame1.contentWindow.synchClickedNode(treeNode.tId); } // 点击树节点后,书目录需回到默认隐藏状态 var dialog_right_1 = parent.document.getElementById("dialog_right_1"); dialog_right_1.style.display="none"; } } function zTreeOnExpand(event, treeId, treeNode) { if(parent.setLeftIframeHeight && typeof parent.setLeftIframeHeight ==="function"){ parent.setLeftIframeHeight("#leftFrame1","#functionTree"); } StranLink_Obj= parent.document.getElementById("StranLink"); JF_cn = parent.JF_cn; BodyIsFt = parent.BodyIsFt; if (StranLink_Obj){ if(BodyIsFt=="1"){ setTimeout("StranBody()",StranIt_Delay); showStatus(true); }else{ showStatus(false); } } } $(function(){ $.fn.zTree.init($("#treeDemo"), setting, zNodes); zTree = $.fn.zTree.getZTreeObj("treeDemo"); }); // 将当前选中的树节点同步到隐藏的iframe的树中 function synchClickedNode(tId){ var currentNode = zTree.getNodeByTId(tId); var rootNode = zTree.getNodeByParam("level", 0, null); /* zTree.expandAll(false);// 折叠树的所有结点 zTree.expandNode(rootNode); // 展开根节点 if (currentNode.isParent) { // 如果当前点击的节点是父节点,就展开当前节点 zTree.expandNode(currentNode); }else{ // 否则展开当前节点的父节点 zTree.expandNode(currentNode.getParentNode()); } */ zTree.selectNode(currentNode); // 当前节点为高亮选中 $('.ztree').scrollLeft(0); // 防止树节点标题过长,ie6、7下导致树左移 } function moveToTop(treeNodeName){ // 相应内容节点置顶方法 var treeNodeText = treeNodeName.replace(/\s/g,""); // 去空格 //去样式 if(treeNodeText.indexOf("<") >=0){ treeNodeText = treeNodeText.substring(treeNodeText.indexOf("")+7,treeNodeText.length); if(treeNodeText.indexOf("<") >=0){ treeNodeText = treeNodeText.substring(treeNodeText.indexOf(">")+1,treeNodeText.indexOf("")); } } var divNodes = contentIframe.contentWindow.document.getElementsByTagName("div"); // 获取该iframe下的所有div var targetNode; for(var i=0,len=divNodes.length;i